A Game Design Vocabulary

Games can present us with overt choices and ask us what we think; they can also show us that in some circumstances and systems, choices are limited or don't necessarily make a difference.

Games can present us with overt choices and ask us what we think; they can also show us that in some circumstances and systems, choices are limited or don't necessarily make a difference. Game as dialogue. Games create a unique form of communication between creators and players. Unlike traditional media, games allow for interactive storytelling and dynamic experiences. This conversation is shaped by the game's rules, mechanics, and narrative elements, all carefully crafted by the creator to engage the player. Player agency and limitations. While games offer choices, they also have boundaries. Some games provide wide-ranging decisions that significantly impact the outcome, while others present more constrained options or even the illusion of choice. This spectrum of agency reflects different design philosophies and storytelling approaches. Types of player choices: Plot-altering decisions Reflective choices (affecting character development) Strategic gameplay decisions Cosmetic or inconsequential choices

Verbs are the rules that allow the player to interact with the other rules in the game: "jump," "shoot," "fall," or "flap" in the case of Joust. Core gameplay mechanics. Verbs represent the actions players can take within a game, while objects are the elements they interact with. This framework forms the basis of gameplay, defining what players can do and how they engage with the game world. Balancing and development. Designers must carefully consider how verbs and objects interact, ensuring a cohesive and engaging experience. As the game progresses, these elements often evolve, introducing new challenges and keeping players invested. Key considerations for verbs and objects: Clarity and intuitiveness Depth and complexity Progression and development Interaction between different verbs/objects

Scenes are often made of many tiny choices, exclusive to each player's individual performance of a scene. That's why it's often useful to think and design in terms of the overall shape of a scene. Designing player experiences. Scenes in games are carefully structured to guide players through challenges and rewards. They create a rhythm of tension and release, shaping the overall pacing and emotional journey of the game. Balancing structure and freedom. While designers craft scenes with specific intentions, they must also allow for player agency and varied playstyles. This balance creates a sense of authored experience while still enabling emergent gameplay and personal stories. Elements of scene design: Difficulty curve Introduction of new mechanics or challenges Narrative beats and reveals Opportunities for player expression Rewards and progression